432 Saint Patrick, aged about 16 is captured by Irish pirates from his home in Great Britain and taken as a slave to Ireland (traditional date) 1521 Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan reaches the Philippines 1861 Italy is unified into a single kingdom under Victor Emmanuel II following the campaigns led by Giuseppe Garibaldi 1901 At a show in Paris 71 Vincent van Gogh paintings cause a sensation, 11 years after his death 1939 Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945): The Battle of Nanchang between the Kuomintang and the Japanese breaks out. 1942 Bełżec Concentration Camp opens with the transport of 30,000 Lublin Polish Jews | 
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